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Old 09-30-2018, 05:47 PM   #1
Bus Nut
 
Join Date: Jun 2015
Location: Asheville, NC
Posts: 347
Year: 1999
Coachwork: American Cargo 14'L x 7'8"W x 7'H Box
Chassis: Ford E350 Cutaway
Engine: 7.3L Powerstroke
Rated Cap: 11500 lbs
Ford E350 Hi-Cube van (aka box truck) conversion

I finally bought a small box truck as a base for an Adventure RV build. With 'Adventure RV' I mean a vehicle that gets us to interesting place (not RV parks), allows us to make a nice meal, take a shower, use our own toilet, and get some sleep. Something simple and compact, not a McMansion on wheels with kitchen island, home theater, and La-Z-Boy reclining chairs.

Converting a regular van would not have added much amenities over my 1985 square body Blazer (lifted, with heavier axles and big tires) that has a bed platform in the rear. We use this one for weekend overnights in the surrounding mountains and I want to build-out something suitable for longer trips lasting a couple of weeks. A skoolie would have offered enough space but would have needed a roof raise to accommodate my 6'6" height. I then looked at a couple of low floor transit buses and while I may at some point convert one I decided to get a more nimble and fuel efficient vehicle for now.

The box truck was listed as 1999 Ford E350 Hi-Cube Van on Public Surplus and no info was given about the size of the box. Since the truck was fleet maintained, looked OK in the pictures, and had the 7.3L Powerstroke diesel engine, I decided to bid and take the chance that the box would not be high enough and I would have to resell the vehicle and look for another one.



The retrieval of the truck was a bit of a nightmare since the seller was not going to mail the title, the state where the vehicle was located (VA) does not issue temporary tags to non-residents, and my home state (NC) does not issue temporary tags at all. After Hurricane Frances moved out of the Mid-Atlantic region, I drove my 26' International 4700 box truck with 10,000 lbs flatbed trailer to Virginia Beach, just to find out that the Hi-Cube van exceeded the payload capacity of my trailer. That was after spending about an hour finagling the Hi-Cube with its dually rears on my trailer, securing it, and driving to the closest scale.

According to the book numbers I should have been OK but the folks who sold the van had installed a lot of cabinetry and a work bench that apparently was built without any concern for weight.



At least I had the title in my hand after 12 hours drive time and a $320 fuel bill. I also found out that the box has plenty of headroom for my needs and that the truck was rust free, started, ran without showing signs of engine problems or wear, and moved around nicely on tires with plenty of life left in them.

A couple days later I drove a rental car to VA Beach with registration and plates for the Hi-Cube van, a bunch of tools, and an inflatable mattress to take a nap in the box if necessary.

After dropping the rental off, I checked all fluids on the Hi-Cube, added Stanadyne Performance Formula to the fuel, fired up, and headed back home. The engine smoothed out considerably and now runs like a Swiss watch after pushing the vehicle fairly hard for a couple dozen miles with the Stanadyne in the tank. I am not a big believer in snake oils but I had the injectors sticking in my International T444E after burning several hundred gallons of untreated diesel and the Stanadyne additive fixed that in a minute or so.

There was a scary moment about half an hour into the trip when a strong smell of burned brake/clutch lining came out of the vents. After stopping, I found out that the smell was in the air most likely from a truck that had gone down the road before me while cooking its brakes. I used the opportunity to check all fluids again and verified that tire and bearing temperatures were OK.

Since the Hi-Cube weighs much less than half of my International 4700 with the same base engine, it feels quite peppy and when I put the hammer down while cruising at 70 mph the little truck would readily accelerate to 85+ mph. I did not take it any further due to the speed limits. The last few miles from the Interstate to our house are quite curvy and I drove at a speed that felt right, which to my surprise was just as fast as I drive our passenger cars. There is no scary sway with that little boxy whatsoever. Brakes are more than adequate with the current weight of 9700 lbs which will be about the same after the RV conversion. All in all I am very happy with what I got.

The fuel consumption of 12.5 mpg was a little disappointing but I was pushing it hard, never below 70 mph on the Interstate, and there may be some gains possible with a tuner and/or a wind deflector for the box.

The next steps are to remove the very solid cabinetry that was added to utilize the van as a maintenance vehicle and then rip out the floor of the box. The wood is exposed to the underside of the vehicle and not in the best shape. I am thinking to put a layer of composite decking planks down, seal the gaps, add a layer of XPS foam, and top that with interlocking sheets of Advantec subflooring as a base for any decorative flooring. Another possibility would be: Advantec directly onto the steel beams (the stuff is pretty weather resistant), then XPS with hydronic heat piping and a luan subfloor. What do you guys think?

PS: More recent pictures will be posted tomorrow after the rain stops and the sun comes out.

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Old 09-30-2018, 06:23 PM   #2
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Location: Houston, Texas
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Year: 1946
Coachwork: Chevrolet/Wayne
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Rated Cap: 15
Good to hear of a safe trip home. Should be an interesting build to follow. Best of luck and please do keep the pix coming.


But personally...the 12.5 mpg's sound pretty good for a big ol' box going down the road.
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Old 09-30-2018, 06:33 PM   #3
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Join Date: Jun 2015
Location: Asheville, NC
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Year: 1999
Coachwork: American Cargo 14'L x 7'8"W x 7'H Box
Chassis: Ford E350 Cutaway
Engine: 7.3L Powerstroke
Rated Cap: 11500 lbs
Quote:
Originally Posted by Tango View Post
Good to hear of a safe trip home. Should be an interesting build to follow. Best of luck and please do keep the pix coming.


But personally...the 12.5 mpg's sound pretty good for a big ol' box going down the road.
The box is 8' wide and 10'6" high. Not as bad as my IH 4700 but not a Prius for sure.

If anyone has a lead on a wind deflector similar to this one, please let me know.
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Old 09-30-2018, 07:29 PM   #4
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Engine: Cummins 4BT
Rated Cap: 15
Funny...my first thought when I saw the pic of your rig was..."it would be cool to build a cab overhang". I've seen a couple of rigs that came with them and they put the bed up there which leaves a ton of space in the rest of the box. And it could indeed be made somewhat aerodynamic.


Just a thought.
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Old 09-30-2018, 07:45 PM   #5
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Join Date: Jun 2015
Location: Asheville, NC
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Year: 1999
Coachwork: American Cargo 14'L x 7'8"W x 7'H Box
Chassis: Ford E350 Cutaway
Engine: 7.3L Powerstroke
Rated Cap: 11500 lbs
Quote:
Originally Posted by Tango View Post
Funny...my first thought when I saw the pic of your rig was..."it would be cool to build a cab overhang". I've seen a couple of rigs that came with them and they put the bed up there which leaves a ton of space in the rest of the box. And it could indeed be made somewhat aerodynamic.


Just a thought.
I have a bunch of big styrofoam blocks laying around that I may shape into a nose cone, attach it to the box, and then test whether there is any measurable mpg improvement.

If I do not find a factory wind deflector first.
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Old 09-30-2018, 08:05 PM   #6
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Location: Dawsonville, Ga.
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Year: 1999
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Quote:
Originally Posted by alpine44 View Post
I have a bunch of big styrofoam block laying around that I may shape into a nose cone, attach it to the box and then test whether there is any measurable mpg improvement. If I do not find a factory wind deflector first.
All this reminds me of the Metro we built for land speed record attempts. When we got to Bonneville some guys asked Bob how he designed the nose, did we wind tunnel test it? Bob said "I glued 3 big pieces of styrofoam together and then traced the outline of the firewall on one end and then got out my chainsaw and cut off everything that didn't look like it would go 300mph, and then just fiberglassed over that" Rules required from the firewall back had to be factory steel body with no mods other than a 5" roof drop for aerodynamics, from the firewall forward was open. We hold the World Record for C Gas Comp Coupe at 268mph. I saw the euro cap in the pic below and said "Styrofoam and a chainsaw"
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Old 09-30-2018, 08:59 PM   #7
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Join Date: Dec 2015
Location: pa
Posts: 2,509
Year: 98
Coachwork: 1. Corbeil & 2. Thomas
Chassis: 1 ford 1998 e350 4x4 7.3 2 mercedes 2004
Engine: 7.3 powerstroke & MBE906
Ha. Congrats with your truck. Pretty much ideal. I put advantac on my porch and painted it. It holds up to the moisture but my choise would be deck planks. May be add 1-1/2 " square tubing for framing every 2 ft. No need to seal in between the deckplanks when you put 2" xps on top. Just put them tight. They will shrink a little when drying. Our 7.3 small bus gets 13 to 15 mpg and I am not pushing it.

Later Johan
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Old 09-30-2018, 10:36 PM   #8
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Year: 1996
Coachwork: Champion
Chassis: Ford e-450
Engine: 7.3 Powerstroke
Rated Cap: 14
I had a cube van before I got a bus. I built a "moms attic' using an air dam that came on the top of an International truck. I built up an edge on the rain gutter to equal the hi spot of the roof. Then welded a base using 14? gauge steel. It went down the road so much smoother after putting it on. The drumming from the wind hit the box was reduced 80%.
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my bus build https://www.skoolie.net/gallery/Skoolies/Sped
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Old 10-06-2018, 09:33 PM   #9
Bus Nut
 
Join Date: Jun 2015
Location: Asheville, NC
Posts: 347
Year: 1999
Coachwork: American Cargo 14'L x 7'8"W x 7'H Box
Chassis: Ford E350 Cutaway
Engine: 7.3L Powerstroke
Rated Cap: 11500 lbs
4x4 conversion research, repairs

Just a weekly update.

Met with Chris at UJoint Offroad to complete my shopping list for the future 4x4 conversion. On the way there (25 miles from where I live) my right front caliper got stuck. With smoke coming out from under the fender I pulled into a gas station, borrowed a big crowbar from a contractor parked there and got the caliper somewhat loose. Another 6 miles to UJoint and the smoke was back.

After going over the conversion details and taking me for a test ride in a converted E-350 ambulance, Chris offered to get a caliper from the local parts store and have one of his mechanics install it. He saved me a lot of pucker factor for the drive back home through the mountains - for a very, very reasonable price. But to make the return trip less boring, the AC clutch decided to go up in smoke. The bearing cage disintegrated and the ID of the pulley started rubbing on the coil, creating a lot of heat and smoke.

After fixing the AC system I went over the rest of the vehicle with a fine toothed comb and could not find any other major issues. Camber on the front wheels is a little off and I ordered the adjustable bushings. Other than that and the necessary caliper replacement I do not want to sink any more money into the front axles since this is going to be replaced by a F-type truck axle for the 4x4 conversion.
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Old 10-06-2018, 09:36 PM   #10
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Join Date: Jun 2015
Location: Asheville, NC
Posts: 347
Year: 1999
Coachwork: American Cargo 14'L x 7'8"W x 7'H Box
Chassis: Ford E350 Cutaway
Engine: 7.3L Powerstroke
Rated Cap: 11500 lbs
Interior layout

Here is my current layout for the interior. The drawing scale is 6" per square.



The idea is to have all fixed installations (shower, toilet, fridge, sink, stove, batteries, inverter, etc.) in the front and keep the rear as "flex-space" to be used a living, dining, sleeping or cargo area. I plan to put the dinette/bed on rollers so I can move it back or closer to the counters, depending on how much cargo space I need.

The side entrance door is currently on the driver side to be more stealthy in cities/towns. If I can find a door that does not have "RV" written all over it, I may move the entrance to the passenger side and the fridge to the driver side. Sink would be close to door then.

There will be two Arctic Tern windows above the dinette area and one in the toilet/shower stall, high enough that nobody can look in from the outside. And two big skylights. The goal is to have the vehicle look like a contractor's truck on the outside rather than a class C RV.
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Old 10-06-2018, 09:39 PM   #11
Bus Nut
 
Join Date: Jun 2015
Location: Asheville, NC
Posts: 347
Year: 1999
Coachwork: American Cargo 14'L x 7'8"W x 7'H Box
Chassis: Ford E350 Cutaway
Engine: 7.3L Powerstroke
Rated Cap: 11500 lbs
Water tanks

Spent some time crawling around under the vehicle to plan the tank installation. It looks feasible to put 60-ish gallons of freshwater (insulated and electrically heated if necessary) in the center section between floor and chassis cross members. Since my fuel tank is in the center behind the rear axle, I can fit another 35 gal of water (or diesel) where a passenger van would have the fuel tank between drive shaft and driver side frame rail.

Outside of the frame rails will be storage boxes and a 30 gal grey water tank array on the passenger side and another 30 gal grey tank on the driver side under the shower. Behind it a 25 gal black tank under the toilet. There is also enough space left on the driver side for the drain hose, gloves, etc. Nothing would reduce the ground clearance of the vehicle or even extend below the front cab rockers.

Since I am going to replace the box floor, I can install the center tanks from above, which should be a whole lot easier. Everything outside of the frame rails is easy to get to from underneath.

Here is a crude mock-up of the underfloor storage with the 6" suspension lift:

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Old 10-11-2018, 07:41 AM   #12
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looks fantastic



Subscribing
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Old 10-11-2018, 09:52 AM   #13
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Following this build. Do you have any idea what rear gears are on this?
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Old 10-11-2018, 11:51 AM   #14
Bus Nut
 
Join Date: Jun 2015
Location: Asheville, NC
Posts: 347
Year: 1999
Coachwork: American Cargo 14'L x 7'8"W x 7'H Box
Chassis: Ford E350 Cutaway
Engine: 7.3L Powerstroke
Rated Cap: 11500 lbs
Quote:
Originally Posted by E450Shorty View Post
Following this build. Do you have any idea what rear gears are on this?
Rear axle ratio is 4.10, which feels a tad short with the current 29.3" tires (225/75R16), even in the mountains. With 31.7" tires (235/85R16 BFG A/T KO2) the overall ratio should be right. Unfortunately, only mud tires are available in 33.3" (255/85R16 BFG KM2) and I think that A/T tires will be better on the Interstate and in the mountains/deserts out West. 255 width is the most I can get on the dual wheel rear axle without spacers. So most likely it will roll on 31.7" tires with .71 overdrive and 4.1 rear after everything is said and done.

For comparison, I am running 34.5" tires (315/75R16 BFG A/T KO2) on my 85 military Blazer with .696 overdrive (after installing a 700R4 transmission) and 4.10 rear which is a perfect combination off-road and on the highway. However, that would be too tall for the much heavier and less aerodynamic box truck even though the 7.3L engine has significantly more grunt than the 6.2L GM diesel. With 31.7" tires, the Ford 7.3L will turn 2160 rpm at 70 mph, about 200 rpm faster than the Blazer which sounds about right. The 33.3" tires would drop the rpm to 2056 @ 70 mph - also not unreasonable.
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Old 10-11-2018, 12:33 PM   #15
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Im curious to see how the tire size affects your mpgs. I am considering running larger diameter tires on my short bus to bump the mileage. But i have to get it on the road first...
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Old 10-11-2018, 12:51 PM   #16
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Join Date: Dec 2015
Location: pa
Posts: 2,509
Year: 98
Coachwork: 1. Corbeil & 2. Thomas
Chassis: 1 ford 1998 e350 4x4 7.3 2 mercedes 2004
Engine: 7.3 powerstroke & MBE906
Our 1998 e350 extended van with guigley 4*4 and 3.55 diff's gets on average 18 mpg with 255/85-r16.
Our 1998 e350 small bus with 245/75-r16 rwd and 4.10 diff gets at best 15 mpg.
The Quigley with the 3.55 can run the speedo of the scale and still feels that it can go faster. I retrofitted both clusters with OEM tacho clusters out of a f series diesel trucks.


Like your layout Alpine
Later

Later j
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Old 10-11-2018, 02:30 PM   #17
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Join Date: Jun 2015
Location: Asheville, NC
Posts: 347
Year: 1999
Coachwork: American Cargo 14'L x 7'8"W x 7'H Box
Chassis: Ford E350 Cutaway
Engine: 7.3L Powerstroke
Rated Cap: 11500 lbs
Aerodynamic enhancements

Just got off the phone with Rockport. They sell this air dam used on their box trucks separately for $915 FOB Elkhard, IN or Ocilla, GA.



If it only adds 1 mile to the gallon, it would pay for itself in ~50k miles.

Additionally, the huge benefit this air dam adds is space and comfort of moving around in the vehicle. It is designed for the cab roof to be cut out and for installation of a full height door to the box. Or omit the door and add storage in the air dam.
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